Saturday 16 February 2013

Farewell to the South Atlantic Ocean Feb. 16, 2013 (Frithjof)



Once more, I am writing a blog chapter on an RAF flight – this time, from Ascension Island to RAF Brize Norton near Oxford. There was no diving during my last day in Ascension; divers are required to fully decompress for at least a day before boarding aircraft flying at high altitudes. Instead, there was plenty of office work to catch up on, including with the Ascension Island Conservation Department. Great, our paper on bromine metabolism in Laminaria, submitted to J Exp Bot, is “acceptable with minor revisions”. That’s good news for coming home.


Aldo and I then took our rental car for going up Green Mountain, Ascension’s highest peak. Initially this was a very barren cinder cone like all others of Ascension’s peaks, and all early European visitors faced a severe water shortage when visiting this desert island consisting of mostly black, volcanic rock. This applied also in particular to the Royal Marines, who turned the island into a British base during Napoleon’s exile in St. Helena. When Charles Darwin and, a few years later, also Joseph D. Hooker visited Ascension, they suggested planting a forest on its highest mountain, in order to increase rainfall, decrease evaporation, and make Ascension more inhabitable by improving the water supply and the local climate on the mountain. For several years, tropical plants were sent to the island, especially from Kew Gardens, Stellenbosch (South Africa) and Brazil, and planted on the mountain. Within a few decades, a cloud forest ecosystem formed – totally artificial, but nevertheless, with the intended outcome.  Indeed, Green Mountain is a very pleasant place for human visitors. The downside of course is that most of Ascension’s native plants were soon outcompeted by the alien new arrivals. The Ascension Island Conservation Department is now working very hard to save what’s left to save, several species have already been lost.


Aldo and I hiked Elliot’s Pass, a circular trail around the summit of Green Mountain, which had been created by the Royal Marines to provide 360° of lookout around the island. When it was created in the 19th century, it offered indeed views to all sides of the island, but now most of it is surrounded by dense jungle. I was once more impressed by how Aldo was coping with the physical challenges of this trip. Two years ago, we had also hiked Elliot’s Pass, but got lost in the jungle since much of it had been overgrown by dense vegetation. Now much of the path had been cleared and it was a reasonably easy, 1 ½ h hike. A great conclusion to our big trip!


Georgetown Harbour was busier than usual – a large military supply vessel was moored a bit offshore (the harbour is too shallow), and lots of containers were being hauled back and forth by barge. This vessel calls at Ascension and Mare Harbour in the Falklands about every 2 months. Resupplying these remote islands with almost anything is quite a logistical challenge.


Back in Georgetown, it was time to say farewell – to Nicky, Caz, Jolene and Stedson. We went to the airport in the early evening, but learned that the flight would be around 5 h delayed due to freezing fog over southern England in the early morning. Not really a big problem, that meant another evening with Stedson in the Obsidian’s Anchor Inn.


We finally left Ascension after 2 am, for a smooth night flight back to England with a fair amount of sleep. Just after breakfast, Roscoff and the Ile de Batz in Bretagne (Brittany), where I had spent 6 years of studies, appeared under my window. I was delighted, I have a lot of nostalgia for this place!


A bit over half an hour later, we landed at RAF Brize Norton in wintery England.

 Cloud forest on Green Mountain

View fr cloud forest on Green Moutain towards English Bay

 Hiking Elliots Pass on Green Mt

Church in Georgetown Ascension

Supply vessel for Ascension and Falklands off Georgetown

Anchor Inn Obsidian last evening in Ascension 


 Roscoff fr the air en route fr Ascension to RAF Brize Norton

Friday 15 February 2013

Valentine’s Day in Bunny Moon Island Feb. 14, 2013 (Frithjof)



Τoday, Ascension seemed to be even hotter. Thankfully, Caz Yon had invited me for a dive already at 9 am. Together with Bill, a doctor at the Georgetown Hospital having half a day off, we rode her RIB to Red Rock Cave, a spectacular dive site which Kostas Tsiamis and I had already explored within the framework of last year’s SMSG Painted Shrimp Expedition. An undersea tunnel connects the cave to the outside at approx. 10 m depth, while the roof of the cave has collapsed, leaving a gaping hole through which sunlight floods part of the interior, while the remainder is in darkness. A great place to observe, fish, crayfish and other marine life, at any time of the day (many animals would otherwise only get active at night). Awesome.

After a meeting with Stedson Stroud, Director of the Ascension Island Conservation Department (which had hosted our Painted Shrimp Expedition last year), Aldo and I took our rental car for exploring Cross Hill overlooking Georgetown and the lower ranges of the coastal desert around Comfortless Cove and the airport.

Life in Ascension is tough, I would even say very tough at this time of the year: So hot! I was very lucky to get an invitation for a 2nd dive today from 2 RAF folks, at a site called Triangles (after a maritime marker). They went fishing with a spear gun, I went fishing with my camera. Lucky again - once more, I met 2 more green turtles. This really is their season in Ascension.

I was starving! A dinner consisting of an extra large pizza shared by Aldo and myself at the Volcano Club on the US Air Force Base followed (probably the only place in all of Ascension outside the Obsidian Hotel to get a decent dinner).


PS - Explanation of the title: My friend Rowena Stern had suggested renaming Ascension to “Bunny Moon Island” when seeing images from last September’s Painted Shrimp Expedition. Admittedly, a much more fitting name than “Ascension”: Much of the island is a black moonscape, and there are plenty of rabbits…

Ascensions coastal desert from Cross Hill

 Georgetown and Long Beach

 View fr Cross Hill towards Comfortless Cove 

 Meeting at AIG Conservation Dept 

 Red Rock Cave

 Red Rock Cave 

 Red Rock Cave 

 Red Rock Cave 

 Red Rock Cave 

Crayfish in Red Rock Cave 

 Fish at Red Rock Cave

 Caz and Bill exploring submarine arch

 Submarine arch at Red Rock Cave

Ascension Island’s Heat and Sea Turtles Feb. 13, 2013 (Frithjof)



Οnce more, Ascension Island welcomed us with a mild tropical breeze and a pleasant 25° C just after sunset. Our booking at the Obsidian Hotel (the only hotel in Ascension) had gone missing in the administration there and it took a while until we managed to activate someone to come, pick us up and get us into our rooms. I quickly visited Nick John in his house in Georgetown, one of my friends in Ascension, with whom I had done a fair bit of diving during my 2 previous visits to the island.

We had some badly needed sleep after a series of rather short nights and the 8 h flight from the Falklands. In the morning, I walked across the road to the Ascension Island Government Conservation Department and spent the morning catching up on e-mail and helping my friend Adelino in Faro, Portugal, with a proposal submission.

I then met up with Nick for a dive excursion out of Georgetown – we took Caz Yon’s RIB, heading to White Island, a white-topped volcanic rock north of Comfortless Cove and Ascension’s capital, Georgetown – in fact, one of our study sites of the Painted Shrimp Expedition in September 2012. The dive was great. What a difference, diving in waters around 28°C, coming from the icy waters around the Falklands! Visibility was awesome, around 40 m, and Ascension’s wealth in fish – the first thing that every diver here notices – is legendary. I spent the dive mostly with underwater photography, trying to document much of the marine life that we had explored around here last September – in fact, I restrained myself from collecting, picking up only a few Rhodoliths which had some suspicious epiphytes that we had not noticed last September.

Riding the fast RIB back into Georgetown, we came past Long Beach, Ascension’s main nesting beach for sea turtles, noticing several of them occasionally coming to the surface. We decided for a 2nd, short dive – which was well worth it: I met several of these green turtles (Chelonia mydas) resting on the sea bed at around 10-12 m water. To me it looked like the turtles, which have almost certainly been hard working for the previous night, crawling ashore, digging nest holes and laying eggs, were congregating here to have a much-needed rest in these shallow waters. Fantastic! The turtles were completely fearless and did not bother to move as I came close. A great photo opportunity.

We got back into Georgetown, then drove to English Bay for refilling the scuba tanks at the Ascension Dive Club. A nice dinner at the Obsidian followed, after which we had a stroll down to Georgetown Harbour, where several fishermen hauled 2 medium-sized (approx. 30 kg) yellowfin tuna (albacore) ashore.

Aldo Jacob and Frithjof arrived at ASI

Rhodoliths dominating Ascensions inshore benthos 

Holothuria manningii endemic sea cucumber 

 Leaving Georgetown Harbour with Nick

Green turtle off Long Beach Ascension 

  Resting green turtle off Long Beach Ascension

Ο Σταύρος του Νότου, Κάυσωνας και οι Θαλάσσιες Χελώνες στο Νησί της Ανάληψης 14 Φεβ. 2013 (Frithjof)



Φτάσαμε στο Νησί της Ανάληψης στη μέση του Νότιου Ατλαντικού, περιπού ανάμεσα της Αγκόλας και της Βραζιλίας, στο 9ο παράλληλο νότια... Πραγματικά, σκόνη σ’ενα τεράστιο ωκεανό, χαμένο στη μέση του πουθενά...!  Η πιο κοντινή στεριά είναι το μικρό Νησί της Αγίας Ελένης, σε 1300 χμ, που ο Ναπόλεον πέρασε τα χρόνια της εξορίας του. Η μόνη πρόσβαση είναι με στρατιώτικές πτήσεις της RAF και της USAF. Είναι η 5η επισκέψη μου εδώ: 2 ηταν σύντομη στάση στο ταξίδι στα Falklands και στην Ανταρτική, και 2 φορές ήρθα για μεγαλύτερη διάρκεια. Η τελευταία φορά ηταν με τον Κώστα Τσιάμη από το ΕΛΚΕΘΕ, το πρωιγούμενο Σεπτεμβριο, για μια εξερευνηση της θαλάσσιας βιοποικιλότητας του νησιού.

Το νησί είναι μια ξερή, αφιλόξενη μαύρη έρημος γεμάτη παράξενες αντέννες που ακολουθουνε πτήσες στο διάστημα, πτήσες πυραύλων, που ακούνε τα πάντα της παγκόσμιας τηλεπικοινωνίας και που μεταφέρουν το πρόγραμμα της BBC στο νότιο ημισφαίριο.

 Lunar desert in Ascension Island

Μετά 3 εβδομάδες στους πιγκουίνους, σε πιο καύσωνα φτάσαμε εδώ... 35-40 βαθμους, καμία σκιά...  Η καλύτερη λύση - κατάδυση όσο το δυνατόν...  Στις 2 ημέρες από την άφιξή μας πρόλαβα να κάνω 4 βουτιές. Υπέροχα! Η θερμοκρασία είναι στα 28 βαθμούς Κελσίου, η οροτότητα γύρω στα 40-50 μέτρα, υπάρχουν τεράστιες ποσότητες ψαριών... δελφίνια...  και πάρα πολλές θαλάσσιες χελώνες! Το Ascension περιέχει τη 2η μεγαλύτερη αποικία θαλάσσιων χελώνων (Chelonia mydas) του ολόκληρου Ατλαντικού.

Green turtle off Long Beach Ascension 

Χθες βούτιξα με τον φίλο μου από τις προιγούμενες επισκέψεις στο Νησί της Ανάληψης, τον Νικ Τζον, πρώτα στο Λευκό Νησί (White Island, πραγματικά ενας βράχος με μια αποικία πουλιών), και μετά προστά από το Long Beach, τη μεγαλύτερη παραλία του νησιού. Από το Νοέμβριο μέχρι το Μάρτιο, εκαντοντάδες χελώνες έρχονται κάθε νύχτα στη στεριά, σ’αυτή τη παραλία και σε κάποιες άλλες μικρότερες, για να γεννήσουν τα αυγά τους. Και που περνάνε τις ημέρες? Πολλές χελώνες κολυμβούνε γύρω στο νησί, άλλες ξαπλώνουν στο βυθό προστά από το Long Beach... Βρήκα πέριπου 7 χελώνες σε 10 μ βαθυά! Σήμερα ξανά 2 αξέχαστες βουτιές, στη Σπιλιά του Ερυθρου Βράχου (Red Rock Cave) και στα Τρίγωνα, ενα μέρος δίπλα στο Κόλπο των Αγγλων (English Bay). Ονειρό, πραγματικά.

Είναι νύχτα τώρα, έξω εμφανίστηκε ξανά ο Σταύρος του Νότου, και τα άγρια γαιδούρια και τα κουνέλια περπατάνε παντού στο Georgetown, τη προτεύουσα της Ανάληψης. Κουνελοχώρα! Μα υπάρχουν και πιο παράξενα πλάσματα σ’αυτό το νησάκι στη μέση του πουθενά, χερσαία καβούρια για παράδειγμα...